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"South Carolina's Magnificent Historic Register Landmarks" Amazon eBooks
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destinyunknown  > Midlands South Carolina > Richland County
Caption Source: The National Register of Historic Places Inventory Nomination Form; South Carolina Department of Archives and History
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First National Bank Building

Built about 1924, the First National Bank is an excellent example of Classical Revival design. The massive stone façade is characteristic of bank architecture of the 1920s. Located directly east of the National Loan and Exchange Bank, the First National Bank Building was originally constructed as an addition to the National Loan and Exchange. Following the 1933 closing of United States banks, depositors and stockholders of the National Loan and Exchange Bank organized the First National Bank, Columbia’s largest bank, in 1934. The building has a two-story rectangular stone façade with flanking one-story wings. Its most prominent features are four monumental three-quarter detached columns separated by five bays with multi-paned windows. Corners of the main building feature vertical blocks with projecting pilasters. One-story wings on either side of building extend to cornice level. The columns support a full Doric entablature. Triglyphs and metopes of frieze are interrupted by an unornamented space reserved for name of bank. The façade is topped by a parapet with five projecting panels. The largest panel is in the center and contains an oval cartouche with fruit and foliage ornamentation on either side. Listed in the National Register November 25, 1980.
First Presbyterian Church

The First Presbyterian Church, constructed ca. 1854, is a fine example of early English Gothic architecture, characterized by a vaulted ribbed ceiling. Its 188-foot spire is one of Columbia’s most distinctive architectural features. Its congregation was the first organized in Columbia (1795). According to tradition, the Presbyterian congregation drew lots with the Episcopal congregation, and won its present lot, which included the heretofore public non-denominational Columbia graveyard, dating from 1797. Buried here are Henry W. DeSaussure, first director of the U.S. Mint, Ann Pamela Cuningham, restorer of Mt. Vernon and President Woodrow Wilson’s parents. Past congregational members include Colonel Thomas Taylor (upon whose plantation part of Columbia was built), scientist Dr. Joseph LeConte, architect Robert Mills and President Woodrow Wilson. The English Gothic structure is of reddish-brown stucco-covered brick. It features a central pinnacled steeple, an entrance flanked by pseudo-Corinthian columns, shouldered buttresses, stained glass windows, and pinnacles on the corners and along the battlemented roof. It is the second church built on this site. The church building was extensively remodeled in 1925. Listed in the National Register January 25, 1971.
Florence C. Benson Elementary School

The Florence C. Benson Elementary School is significant for its association with the system of racial segregation in Columbia, South Carolina. Constructed ca. 1953-1955 in Wheeler Hill, a poor African-American neighborhood that was segregated from the white sections of Columbia by custom, to serve African-American students who were segregated from their white counterparts by law, the Florence C. Benson Elementary School is both an example of the state government’s efforts during the early 1950s to maintain “separate but equal” school systems for black and white children and one of the last remnants of a segregated black residential area. The school opened as the Wheeler Hill School in 1955 for 270 African American students in the first through sixth grades. The Wheeler Hill School replaced the Celia Dial Saxon Negro Elementary School, which was overcrowded and needed rehabilitation. In 1958, it was renamed in honor of Florence Corinne Benson, a former teacher at the school. The school, built of concrete block and red brick veneer on a masonry foundation with a three-finger plan, was designed by local white architect James B. Urquhart. With its one-story classroom wings and rows of interior and exterior windows, the building was a typical equalization school, and typical of new school construction in the post-World War II era, reflecting influences of the Modern and International styles. Comprising eighteen classrooms, a library, a nurse’s office, a large modern kitchen, and a combined cafeteria and auditorium, the school served approximately five hundred students. The equalization funds also paid for desks, tables, visual aid and music equipment, maps, and cafeteria equipment. The school served the Wheeler Hill community until 1975, when it closed its doors due to declining enrollment. Listed in the National Register October 7, 2009.
Forest Hills Historic District

The Forest Hills Historic District is significant as an excellent example of early twentieth-century planned suburban residential development. Forest Hills reflects suburban development trends dating back to “the era’s most notable experiment in planned suburban development,” Forest Hills Gardens on Long Island designed by Frederick Law Olmsted, Jr. in 1909. The interstices of the City Beautiful Movement and the new vision of the Arts and Crafts Movement inspired efforts across the country to provide beautiful housing in a natural, park-like setting free from the ugliness, congestion, and unsanitary conditions of urban living. This was the vision pursued by developer Joseph Walker and landscape architect Harlan Kelsey in the first phase of Forest Hills’ development. Later phases of development followed the more traditional urban grid pattern that had well-established precedents in other early Columbia suburbs. Forest Hills is also significant for its association with a person of local importance. Joseph Walker, a Columbia cotton merchant and developer, acquired and developed the approximately 100 acres formerly known as Abney Park into Forest Hills. His vision for the land he acquired in 1925 is still evident today. And finally, Forest Hills is significant as an excellent example of trends in residential planning and architecture for the first half of the twentieth century as well as representing the work of masters in planning and architecture. The district contains 215 residences, a designed landscape with 9 “little parks,” and a historic monument dedicated to Wade Hampton, III that contribute to the historic character of the district. Thirty residences are non-contributing. The historic resources of the district date from 1903 to 1957. One residence predates the development of Forest Hills. All others properties were constructed after 1927. The district features excellent examples of Tudor Revival, Colonial Revival, Neoclassical Revival, Mission/Spanish Colonial Revival, French Renaissance, Craftsman/Bungalow, Western Stick, International, Monterey, minimal traditional houses, and homes with an Art Deco influence. Listed in the National Register September 28, 2007.
George P. Hoffman House

The George P. Hoffman House, reputedly built ca. 1855, is the oldest building in the present-day town of Blythewood and is significant for its association with the early development of the community. The construction of the house preceded Blythewood. A settlement known as Doko developed in this area around a stop of the Charlotte and South Carolina Railroad line, which was completed in 1852. In 1879, the village was incorporated as the Town of Blythewood and in 1918 Blythewood was included in a section of Fairfield County that was added to Richland County. The original owner, George P. Hoffman was a native of North Carolina. In 1860, Hoffman owned six slaves and was farming 34 acres. By 1870, he was operating a substantial sawmill that employed an average of twelve hands. The house is a one-story braced-frame Greek Revival style residence that has been enlarged and remodeled in several phases, but the original structure is largely intact. The house has a central, five-bay block with weatherboard siding and a masonry foundation. A pedimented porch spans the three central bays of the façade. This porch has paneled piers and flushboard siding. The central entrance has a rectangular transom and sidelights. Listed in the National Register March 27, 1986.
George R. Price House

The George R. Price House, built in 1939, is a strong example of the Streamline Moderne expression of the Modernistic movement, an architectural style that did not experience as much widespread popularity in Columbia as it did in other parts of the nation during the late 1920s and 1930s. The George R. Price House is the city’s only Streamline Modern style residence. Price, who designed and constructed the house, was a Columbia contractor and builder whose trade granted him first-hand experience in working with new prefabricated and mass-produced building materials, while introducing him to the new construction concepts of the era. This exposure may have piqued his interest in Modernistic design. The home is a two-story, steel-framed, masonry building with a L-shaped floor plan, flat roof, multiple porches, and a three-car garage. With the exception of minor brick ornamentation around its frieze and numerous glass block windows, the house lacks ornamentation and contrasts sharply with its neighboring houses. Listed in the National Register April 30, 1998.
Gervais Street Bridge

One of four open spandrel arch bridges of reinforced concrete in South Carolina, the Gervais Street Bridge spans the Congaree River and links Columbia to the western and southern parts of the state. At the time of its construction, begun in February 1926 and completed in June 1928, the bridge had the widest roadway in the state. From 1928 until 1953, the Gervais Street Bridge was the only Columbia Congaree River bridge and is the earliest and most decorative of the three bridges that now cross the river. The site historically has served bridges and ferries. Ferry service was first replaced about 1791 by a toll bridge. A subsequent wooden bridge completed about 1827 was burned in 1865 to delay General W. T. Sherman’s army. The rebuilt bridge was privately owned until 1912 when it was purchased by Richland County in cooperation with Lexington County. The 1415-foot reinforced concrete bridge was constructed by Hardaway Contracting Company of Columbus, Georgia. It cost $597,167 to construct. The bridge was designed by Joseph W. Barnwell of Charleston, bridge engineer for the State Highway Department. Above the flanking balustrades on the bridge are cast iron light fixtures. The decorative fixtures have the letter C and a palmetto on the bases, a vine pattern on the eight-sided post, and an acanthus leaf design on the necking. Listed in the National Register November 25, 1980.
Good Hope Baptist Church

Good Hope Baptist Church, located in the Sandhills of Richland County, is significant architecturally as one of the few remaining antebellum churches in lower Richland County. This frame, temple-form Greek Revival building, which retains its original slave gallery, began as a branch of Congaree Baptist Church, located eight miles to the south. It was reportedly constructed in 1857 by John McLauchlin, an active member of the Congaree church. At the 1857 meeting of the association, Congaree Church reported being “engaged in erecting a new house of worship,” and by the 1858 meeting, “had built a new church for convenience of distant poor and other members at their summer seat.” A two-story frame addition to the north dates from 1950 and repeats the materials and proportions of the original building. Situated on land given by James H. Seay, owner of Laurelwood, located a few hundred yards from the church, it was not organized as a separate church until 1866. While an independent body, Good Hope maintained close ties with Congaree Baptist, as they shared a minister, Charles Augustus Stiles, for many years, holding services on alternating Sundays. Good Hope Baptist Church remains active to the present time. The property also contains a cemetery where many of the church’s former members are buried. Listed in the National Register March 27, 1986.
Good Samaritan-Waverly Hospital

During its operation from 1952 to 1973, Good Samaritan--Waverly Hospital served as an alternative institution for black residents in Columbia and was the culmination of a string of local hospitals and clinics built for the African American community. During the Jim Crow era in Columbia, the middle class, professional population of the historically-black Waverly residential district worked to develop for themselves what the city and county refused to provide. The Good Samaritan-Waverly Hospital is an example of the alternative spaces African Americans built in the face of discrimination at Columbia’s hospitals. The hospital’s construction represents the result of a historical tradition among Columbia’s black community and philanthropic efforts to establish modern, independent health care facilities. The hospital was the only training facility exclusively for black nurses in Columbia, and was built as a state-of-the-art medical facility. The new facility had a pharmacy, laboratory, X-ray room, staff dining room, two operating rooms, and fifty beds. Unfortunately, Good Samaritan-Waverly Hospital was struggling under massive debt. The hospital routinely served as an overflow facility for charity patients from Columbia Hospital and other hospitals in the surrounding counties, but was often forced to absorb the cost as the local governments failed to reimburse the hospital for treatment. As a result, there was no money to maintain the facility or modernize its equipment. Ironically, the biggest challenge to Good Samaritan-Waverly Hospital was the Civil Rights Act and the integration of Columbia’s hospital facilities. Good Samaritan-Waverly Hospital struggled to attract white patients to keep its eligibility for Medicare funding. In 1972, the integrated Richland Memorial Hospital was constructed, and Good Samaritan-Waverly Hospital could not compete. In August of 1973, Good Samaritan-Waverly Hospital was forced to close its doors. Listed in the National Register July 28, 2008.
George R. Price House

The George R. Price House, built in 1939, is a strong example of the Streamline Moderne expression of the Modernistic movement, an architectural style that did not experience as much widespread popularity in Columbia as it did in other parts of the nation during the late 1920s and 1930s. The George R. Price House is the city’s only Streamline Modern style residence. Price, who designed and constructed the house, was a Columbia contractor and builder whose trade granted him first-hand experience in working with new prefabricated and mass-produced building materials, while introducing him to the new construction concepts of the era. This exposure may have piqued his interest in Modernistic design. The home is a two-story, steel-framed, masonry building with a L-shaped floor plan, flat roof, multiple porches, and a three-car garage. With the exception of minor brick ornamentation around its frieze and numerous glass block windows, the house lacks ornamentation and contrasts sharply with its neighboring houses. Listed in the National Register April 30, 1998.
George R. Price House

The George R. Price House, built in 1939, is a strong example of the Streamline Moderne expression of the Modernistic movement, an architectural style that did not experience as much widespread popularity in Columbia as it did in other parts of the nation during the late 1920s and 1930s. The George R. Price House is the city’s only Streamline Modern style residence. Price, who designed and constructed the house, was a Columbia contractor and builder whose trade granted him first-hand experience in working with new prefabricated and mass-produced building materials, while introducing him to the new construction concepts of the era. This exposure may have piqued his interest in Modernistic design. The home is a two-story, steel-framed, masonry building with a L-shaped floor plan, flat roof, multiple porches, and a three-car garage. With the exception of minor brick ornamentation around its frieze and numerous glass block windows, the house lacks ornamentation and contrasts sharply with its neighboring houses. Listed in the National Register April 30, 1998.
George R. Price House

The George R. Price House, built in 1939, is a strong example of the Streamline Moderne expression of the Modernistic movement, an architectural style that did not experience as much widespread popularity in Columbia as it did in other parts of the nation during the late 1920s and 1930s. The George R. Price House is the city’s only Streamline Modern style residence. Price, who designed and constructed the house, was a Columbia contractor and builder whose trade granted him first-hand experience in working with new prefabricated and mass-produced building materials, while introducing him to the new construction concepts of the era. This exposure may have piqued his interest in Modernistic design. The home is a two-story, steel-framed, masonry building with a L-shaped floor plan, flat roof, multiple porches, and a three-car garage. With the exception of minor brick ornamentation around its frieze and numerous glass block windows, the house lacks ornamentation and contrasts sharply with its neighboring houses. Listed in the National Register April 30, 1998.
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Keywords: house price george south carolina south carolina national historic register historic landmarks of south carolina's midlands richland county's historic register landmarks
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